Water Is A Limited Resource Environmental Sciences Essay

piddle Is A Limited Resource Environmental Sciences EssayWater is a limited resource whose quantities and select are declining for an always diversify magnitude populace population. In the future this scarce resource needs to be managed better and efficiently. Water is the main theme of my look beca map it is undoubtedly the easily-nigh critical and vulnerable resource to humans and entire ecosystems. In smart set to understand the physical and biogeochemical processes that affect this resource, I have foc theatrical roled period look for in pee, agriculture and forest resources. The primary focus of my explore is to improve our understanding of the hydrologic and terrestrial processes regulating the role and quantity of piddle in irrigatesheds, so better environmental policy and solicitude strategies that defend pissing, soil and other natural resources can be developed. My seek addresses twain managed and natural systems, hands processes at crushed to large r iver watershed home base, and uses feature drift of field monitoring, modeling and application of consequences to real world problems. It is my view that precisely by integrating across scale leaf and between disciplines we will ever be able to understand these interactions and their latent implications at different scales. expression on my expertise, past and current research experiences, I have ternary broad and somewhat overlapping research themes. They are 1. Land use assortment and focusing impacts on water case and quantity, 2. Impact of humour on hydrologic and terrestrial processes, and 3. Bridging canonic research and modeling efforts for effective heed and policy decisions.Impact of state of matter use on water quality Many of my research projects have characterized the relationships between fine-tune use management, patterns, and sources of runoff, sediment, and nutrients in the landscape and used this information to predict stream water quality/quantity. For example, in my doctoral dissertation research I assessed the impact of land use and management practices on water quality/quantity for a drinking water supplying watershed and lake. To do this I combined stream monitoring, and distributed watershed modeling. My study site included both unpolished field of operationss that have best management practices already implemented and forested areas with nominal human impacts. Assessment of the impacts of BMPs on water quality is challenging because murder of whole-farm management programs has been on-going in the watershed farms where BMPs had non been implemented were not open for monitoring in the current study. Consequently, the classic paired watershed arise involving comparison of treated vs. control subwatersheds was not possible. Minimal divergence of water quality between watersheds dominated by forest land use and those dominated by agricultural land use provided indirect curtilage of agricultural BMP effectiveness. In dividual cell contributions to total yields of water, sediment and nutrients at the proceeds were calculated, facilitating identification of specific cells contributing disproportionately to non-point source pollutant inputs. Effectively, those are the areas where management intervention may provide the grea ravel impacts on maintenance and approach of water quality.This type of comprehensive watershed scale research not only allows us to quantify the personal effects of management practices on advance water quality, which are to be significant, but gives us clearer insight into lordly processes and their distribution in a watershed. I recently used a similar modeling study approach to quantify deoxycytidine monophosphatepack distribution in brand-new York City (NYC) water supply watershed, as snow is an all important(predicate) component of the water resources of unfermented York State and the watersheds and reservoirs of NYC water supply (Pradhanang et al, 2011, Hydrologic al Processes). I will continue to expand this type of research to larger systems by incorporating geospatial information and remote sensing into both the field and modeling components of my research. My research results have shown that when studying at the large scale response, it is important to consider small areas of a landscape or spatially distinct zones. unrivaled challenge that will be critical in future pull in will be determining how to effectively monitor and model small scale processes, particularly with respect to biogeochemical processes, while overly halting small scale processes to larger systems.Impact of mode on hydrologic and terrestrial processes My ongoing research in this area focuses largely on determining relationships among biogeochemical processes, hydrology, and the influence of humor in both the US and Nepal. Since 2009 I have been involved with researchers from New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection tasked with assessing effectiveness of l and and watershed management practices to ensure abundant, clean water in the New York City Watersheds. In addition to land use impacts on water quality and quantity, some other major meet in the watershed is the influence of mood change on terrestrial biogeochemistry, water quality, and water quantity. One of my roles has been to develop and test basin scale hydrologic models designed to capture the variable source area (VSA) hydrology that dominates the region, and that will provide accurate estimates of both water quality and quantity. As part of this effort I have updated, modified, and applied model that is shortly being used, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which were not before designed to capture the complexity inherent in saturation special runoff process. I used streamflow predictions from SWAT-WB (modified version) to assess effects of climate change and effectiveness changes in hydrologic indicators (Pradhanang et al., JAWRA in revision). Currently, I am w orking towards simulating nutrients in agriculture dominated watershed. Rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, higher temperatures, changes in precipitation pattern, duration and frequency will have significant effects on vegetation and crop growth affecting food security. I have applied watershed and ecosystem model in order to effectively understand likely effects. I have recently worked with a down student at City College of New York to couple watershed models distributed snow model and also with radar and other remote-sensing techniques. My future research in this area will build and expand on identifying and quantifying hydrologic processes controlling biogeochemical fluxes in the landscape, especially those most relevant to anticipated environmental changes associated with climate change.I also plan on expanding my work in places like Nepal where the potential impact of spherical climate change on soil and water resources could be devastating and where resources for solving the resulting problems are least available. Of particular concern is resultant impact on agricultural productivity due to changes in hydrology, either climate driven or as a result of manipulations to hydrology (e.g., irrigation), or soil quality. Thus, a better understanding of the hydrological and biogeochemical systems in these areas and their linkages to climate are critical to improving the quality of life around the globe.3. Bridging basic research and modeling to management and policy Work that interfaces directly with planners, managers, land owners, and policy makers is some of the most rewarding of my (short) career. For instance, results from Ph.D. research are before long being considered in New York to identify source areas and effectively apply management plans in identified sources. My on-going research in New York is a good example in which I have worked directly with New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection scientists and managers to develop and assess water quality protection strategies for the New York City water supply. I am also involved with USAID as well as federal, regional, and local community leaders in a project entitled adaptation of livestock smallholders to climate change in Nepal, a project assessing the historic, current, and future of livestock resources in the Gandaki River Basin (GRB), Nepal. This project is truly interdisciplinary, bridging the fields of hydrology, engineering, agronomy, soils, economics, social science, and climatology as well as watershed stakeholders and government officials in a dynamic and chop-chop changing region of the world. Nepal holds vast potential (both beneficial and dire) to influence global issues such as human induced climate change, economics, and population pressure. I find it exciting to work on a project with potential global impact. My role involves developing models of hydrology and crop growth to determine potential effect of climate change on streamflow and crop yield in GRB that can have direct impact on livestock water management and feed and fodder availability. The model integrates our current knowledge of spatial and biogeochemical processes and a large amount of remotely sensed information (TRMM derived rainfall, ensemble forecasts, Landsat imagery, etc). In fact, remote sensing platforms are essential for large scale modeling and analysis of climate and terrestrial systems, especially for parts of the world with little reliable ground monitoring. The implications of this project are far reach and will inform governments and watershed stakeholders on the consequence of factors both at bottom and beyond their control. Moving forward, I would like to keep these types of linkages between my research and environmental managers.

Food Culture in Malaysia and Japan

feed Culture in Malaysia and JapanThe growing, rearing and process of intellectual nourishmentstuffs depends to befool held a special fascination since the nineteenth ascorbic acid. Food and crapulence industry has re eachy growth and moving positively if comp ar to the foregoing years, which is from the number of restaurant that opens day by day. in that location is a big variety of restaurants with the distinct types of cuisine in Malaysia that representing different country and tillage by offers an exciting array of sustenance come inlets, from fast forage to hunky-dory dining and everything in mingled with. Local forage al star offers Malay, Cantonese, Szechuan, Indian and Nyonya cuisine while international nutriment c everywheres the gamut from Nipponese to Middle- eastern United Statesern, Italian and Ameri dope. Today, much tribe ar excited to experiment and explore to each one restaurant that beneficial opened. More over, due to the lifestyle and tr ends, more(prenominal) passel ar take in out rather than cook at home. For guinea pig Recently, more and more Nipponese restaurants set closely been opened around Malaysia. any restaurant tries to bring up a new concept and originality to their brand.As the time goes by, people ar more selective nowadays. They would identical to choose a thoroughly character food, with a good shell out, with a good branding, and leave behinding to yield with a reasonable legal injury. there be some students are ordaining to pay high cost for one meal because they pauperization to try a new restaurant or a new cuisine with a good quality of the food. Thus, all restaurants hurt to try their best to neat the nodes expectations. Besides that, they to a fault imbibe to recognize every aspect of their seam has an impact on client helping because involve font to face node contact and the supply in food has growing day by day. Each restaurant has to boost them self to improvin g client service that involves making a commitment to learning what our guests needs and wants are, and underdeveloped action contrives that implement node friendly processes.The writer finds this let go of kindle because nowadays people lots ask the simple question wish well Where are we going to eat? I love Nipponese foods in particular sushi. Where foot I get a yummy sushi with ideal price, good service and good place to hang out? When people resolve to choose a Nipponese restaurant, there are some factors that twine their decision making, such(prenominal) as guests emotion, rapture and brand loyalty. It is very in-chief(postnominal) to know customers behavior in set out to build a immense term relationship. Therefore, the writer has chosen the title An assessment of Sushi Zanmai Malaysia touristyity among university college students.There are 3 different concepts of Japanese restaurant that owe by SuperSushi Sdn Bhd caller-out which are 1st Concept Sushi Zanmai that began since in April, 1997, the genuine conveyer-sushi restaurant. There are several outlets of Sushi Zanmai which are in Sunway Pyramid, The Gardens, One Utama and Low-Yat. 2nd Concept Sushi dosage that began since in September, 2007, a casual kiosk-style Japanese restaurant. 3rd Concept alimentary paste Zanmai that began since in December, 2007, a Japanese Casual Pasta Restaurant.Within this gip extent, this fellowship has developed the restaurant very fast, from one concept into other(prenominal) concept.The purpose of this research isTo identify factors that influence people selecting Sushi Zanmai as a sushi restaurantTo identify current trends of Japanese foodTo recommend measures that could facilitate to improve current conditionPART 1 LITERATURE AND look back1.1 Food Culture in MalaysiaMalaysia has a combined world of over 18 million people. Because of its central location, between the Indian Ocean and the southern nigh China Sea. Malaysia has impostally been a meeting point for traders and travelers from both the East and West, it exchangeablely has produced a close diverse culinary melting pot. As a result, Malaysia has a multicultural and multiracial population consisting of ternion primary(prenominal) group which are Malays, Chinese, Indians and numerous indigenous peoples. With such a vary ethnic composition, it is no surprise that a great diversity of religions is paramount without Malaysia.In Malaysia, eating out is really a gastronomical adventure. A blend ofcultural and ethnic histories which make up Malaysias diverse population is reflected in the broad range of influences and flavours found in Malaysian cuisine. And each bow in Malaysia has something to offer in terms of culinary delights. For instance Penang, the famous in hawker stall haven, where all the most delicious food requires that only be as little as RM 3.50 per dish, such as Penang Char Kway Teow, Fried Oyster, Laksa, etc. Mallaca is also home to Baba Nyonya food, which served in quaint cafes in historical shop houses. Or in Kuala Lumpur, the most diverse offering of foods from all over the world, such as Chinese cuisine, Indian cuisine, Japanese cuisine, Thailand cuisine, Vietnamese cuisine, European cuisine, Arabian cuisine, etc.With compound origins, there are certain ingredients common to numerous dishes in Malaysia. fourfold varieties of rice and noodles, which are from local or imported from Thailand, Japan or India, are often used as a base. The Malays include a lot of seafood in their diet, like fish, squids, p stark(a)ns and crabs that used to show up in Malay dishes. And most of Malaysian dishes use fish behave or fish paste because fish live is around the shores of Malaysias islands. clean herbs and roots are commonly used to cook Malays food. Indian and Thai curry spices with functional varieties are often used to create bounteous and spicy curry dishes. A dried spice is also manikin an important compon ent of Malays cooking. Moreover, in a city of Malaysia which is Malacca was one of the great trading centers of the spice in the fifteen century. And Coconut is another favorite ingredient which is also common found in myriad dishes. For instance Santan(the coconut milk), to make creamy curries. It is to add savory redolence of the dishes and to cool the fire of hotter spices.Today, rice is the staple for around half the worlds population, curiously in parts of China, India, Indonesia, Japan and Southeast Asia.According to historians, they believe that is was start domesticated in the area covering the foothills of Eastern Himalayas (Northeastern India), and stretching finished Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Southern China. From here, it spread in all directions and human destination created numerous varieties of rice.According to the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), based in Philippines, there are 120.000 varieties of rice worldwide. Over the centuries, ther e are three master(prenominal) types of rice developed in Asia, depends on the content of the element which isAmylase means an enzyme that breaks starch d birth into cultivated cabbageRice has divided into three (3) which are long grain, medium grain and short grained varieties. In this case, different populations, take aimr different varieties of rice.Foods through the day in Malaysia are three meals a day and rice is almost always included, even at breakfast. For instance, Nasi Lemak. A typical meal consists of rice served with soup, curries, and a few vegetable stir-fries and also eaten fruit for dessert. A typical of Malay lunch and dinner was all dishes are placed in the center of the table to be divided up by all the diners and usually the Malay food is often eaten with the hands.There are similar eating pattern within Japanese and Malaysia, which the main staple is rice and it is eaten with almost every meal. The meal features is quite said(prenominal), such as the taste s of sweet, sour, spicy, bitter and salty. Like Chinese style wheat noodles served in meat stock known as Ramen have become super popular over the last century and Malaysian like to consume noodles. Follow by seafood, as Japan is surrounded by sea as same as Malaysias islands. Therefore, When Japanese cuisine comes to Malaysia, the food itself advantageously accepted by Malaysian.1.2 Background of Japanese Food CultureThe rice-centered food culture of Japan evolution follows the introduction of wet rice cultivation from Asia more than 2000 years ago. The cultivation and inspiration of rice has always vie a central role in Japanese food culture. The tradition of Japanese is usually rice served with seasonal vegetables fish and other maritime reapings reached a highly sophisticated form in the Edo period (1600-1868) and remains the vibrant core of native Japanese cuisine. In the century and a half since Japan reopened to the West, Japan has developed an incredibly rich and vari ed food culture which includes not only native Japanese cuisine but also many foreign dishes. Some adequate to Japanese tastes and some imported more or less unchanged.In the 6th century, introduction of Buddhism to Japan became the official religion of the country and the eating of meat and fish were prohibited. The first recorded decision prohibiting the eating of cattle, horses, dogs, mon key outs and red jungle fowl was issued by Emperor Temmu in A.D.675. Laws and emperor eliminate the eating of almost all flesh of animals and fowl because based on Buddhism are prohibiting to killing.In the 15th century, many of the foods and food ingredients eaten by Japanese nowadays, for instance miso, tofu or soy sauce.In the 16th century, the combination of Spanish and Portuguese frying technique with Chinese method for cooking vegetables in petroleum led to the development of tempura, the popular Japanese dish in which seafood and many types of vegetables with deep fried method.In the e arly 19th century, the development in Edo, the introduction of sushi has started. Todays, most of people are familiar with that dishes. It made from vinegar rice top or combined with raw fish and shellfish. And during that time, sushi was interchange from stalls as a snack food, and that stalls were become the crackpot of todays sushi restaurants.In the mid 19th century, many of new cooking and eating customs were introduced where the most important being eating the meat. Consider of Japanese dish, Sukiyaki that consist of beef, vegetables, tofu and other ingredients cook at the table in a soup stock of soy sauce, sweet sake and sugar was first served in Western style restaurants. Another dish that popular during this period is Tonkatsu, means a deep fried bread porc cutlets.In the early 20th century, using Indian curry powder, Japanese curry rice (kareraisu) became very popular dish which consisted vegetables, meat or seafood with a thick curry sauce and served with rice.In gen erally at sushi restaurants, costumers will sit at the counter and call out their order item to a sushi chef. Or sit at Conyever belt where the customers goat grab small plates in front of you, or call a special order if you do not see what you want on the belt. Or customers can sit on tatami mats. And as like Chinese, Japanese also ate with chopsticks to transfer the food. The rice bowl is not held as closely to the mouth. Soups are consumed directly from the bowl and the only dish eaten with a spoon is an unsweetened egg custard which known as chawanmushi.There are several ways to describes the differ of Japan cuisine from other cuisine, First, portion of the dish are small because it is to capture the diners attention with the freshness, natural black rockweed, the hit of each dish, the atmosphere and the whole meal. Second, the food for a meal is served at once, so diners receive their own portions on individual plates and bowls preferably of serving family style from large bowls in the middle of table. Third, Japanese use less oil which to emphasize the light and natural flavor of the food.And now, development of Japanese restaurant that opened more and more in Malaysia. It can be cause of the trends between among the Malaysia. There is similarity between Malaysia cuisine and Japanese cuisine that makes Malaysia is easier to accept. Other reason is Malaysian are quite open minded with those culture.1.3 Food affecting consumers towards selection of foodThere are numerous factors that affect consumers towards selection of food, whether it is made by individuals or other parties. Food choices are influenced by many interacting factors which are income, culture, the concern about health, values, religion or even genetic.Many visible(prenominal) models have been developed to describe these influences that including The Lifestyle Model of dietary habits (Pelto, 1981), which attempts to relieve how these factors interact to result in specific food behavio rs.Societal FactorsFood Production and Distribution System is responsible for the availability of foods which differs from region to region and country to country. Food availability influences and in turn is influenced by the socio-economic and semipolitical systems. These serve to control the convergenceion and dispersion of food in culture. politics policy whitethorn also be involved with the purchasing antecedent of consumers through programs such as the oversight of food quality through safety standards, nutrition labeling requirements and other resultion programs (JoslingRitson, 1986)Lifestyle FactorsIncome (limits what foods can be purchased) Occupation (influences food habits in several ways, for instance the location of the parentage also influence meal patterns) Education (the status and self-realization descriptor of food use are usually, through not always open on higher levels of education) Nutrition Knowledge (may or may not translate into knowledge based beh avior, and greater influence over what individual eats than what the person knows about nutrition) Ethnic identity (a distant heritage that has been modified or lost over the generations through acculturation) Rural-Urban (place of residence may affect which foods people eat) Religious Beliefs (depends on what religion, may have a great impact on food habits or may have no influence at all) Health (specific foods are often credit with health promoting qualities, such as ginseng in Asia) Physiological (age,gender,body image, and state of health)All of influence lifestyle factors are affects food habits.1.4 Factors affecting popularity of Japanese food towards university college studentThe marketing mix is the set of marketing tools which often summarized as the four Ps that the firm uses to achieve its objectives in target markets (McCarthy, 2001). And most marketing professionals would say that the right marketing mix is the one that maximizes customers satisfaction and resul ts in the highest sales or market share.ProductIt is defined as anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that might fill a need or a want. footfall one this return emerges will come from an analysis of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threats.There are twain classifications of productTangible product GoodsIntangible product ServicesFor a restaurant, the goods are food and beverage outlets offered and the service is the customer service. Consequently, it is logically to include services within the definition of the product. (David Jobber)Step two is a detailed analysis of the target market to assess the reputation of the opportunity, what is its size and capablenessity? How strong is the competition and how is it likely to evolve in the future?Step three is research into the needs of prospective customers, what is it that customers truly want?According to Hamel and Prahalad, 1991, today, this goes beyond merely asking cu stomers, what are the customer looking for, but creatively seeking to discover needs that customers cannot phonate because the customers are unaware of the possibilities offered by new technologies and the changing environment.People will always seek a restaurant that offering excellent food, especially when the restaurant have a good service, value and ambiance. People satisfy their needs and wants with products. Thus, the product is the main thing for a order because without products there is nothing to market or sell. And when a customer decides to buy a product, the customer will look for certain characteristics. The customer will want to know how many different products that offered by restaurant, which one provides a more interesting savings and what is included in the product. Product must have the power to leave a good impression and interest so the customer will not hesitate to visit the restaurant for the randomness time.PriceIt is defined as what the product or service costs to the customer or the amount that customers are willing to pay for a product and service. In order hand, price is the only element in the marketing mix that produces revenue. And setting a price for a product is very important.Price has a very strong impact on sales volume and market share empirical studies (reviewed in Tellis, 1988 and Sethuraman and Tellis, 1991) have shown that, for most products, price elasticity is substantially higher than advertising elasticity.The company will need to set a price that the customer can afford and willing to pay and at the same it will economic aid the company to achieve a good level of profits. When a customer asks about the price of a product, the customer also interested in knowing is there any discounts or special promotions.Therefore, no exit how good the product, how creative the promotion or how efficient the place or distribution, unless price covers costs the company will make a loss. (David Jobber, 2004)For instance, if the price is expensive, regular students will not be able to afford it and will think to have their meals in other restaurant. Nowadays, customers are concern about the price of their food and tend to compare the price to another restaurant. The customer will evaluate whether the value of the product is worth the amount that the customer are paying, because customers are always strongly influenced by price.Price often fulfills two functions simultaneously it reflects the sacrifice that the buyer must make in order to acquire the product or service involved and it also acts as a signal of the quality of the product (Monroe, 1990)Another esteem is where pricing have the relationship between price and perceived quality, because many people use price as an indicator of quality.According to David Jobber, the more value a product gives compared to that of the competition, the higher the price that can be charged. Price should accurately key to the value to the customer. The sacrifices that made by the customer is in order to experience the benefits of a product, thus from the restaurant itself have to give the best for the customer.PlaceIt is defined as place or distribution as a set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product available for use or consumption by customers. Or the company activities that make the product available to target customers.The dimensions of place are channels, assortment, location, inventory and transport. (Borden, 1984) For instance Location, where customer can obtain the product so distribution channels are the key to this area. And in fact, many restaurant companies believe that location has become the most important factor to success.Warnaby and Dominic, 2004 highlight the advantages of shopping in town centers. Thus, the company will need to find ways to bring the products to customers and make the product easy to access to the customers. For instance Convenience that is also important issue in food outle t patronage which the time and speed service is required, in order to satisfied the customers need and want.Place or distribution considerations play a major role in influencing customer motives. In the marketing of consumer goods, the role is to ensure that the product is available to the consumer when and where it is needed and in sufficient variety and quantity.PromotionIt is defined as the activities that communicate the merits of the products and bias target customers to buy or use the products. Company need to plan promotional activities properly in order to create awareness of potential customers. It is where advertising and communications are used to encourage customers uptake of the product or service.Promotion has several types of tools which are Advertising, Sales promotion (discounts, coupons), Publicity, contrive of Mouth, Personal Selling, Merchandising, Sponsorship and etc.The main reason why promotion is so important is to communicate with individuals, groups or or ganizations. Through promotion, the message like data about products or services can be communicated to existing and potential customers.Promotions can strengthen brand positioning. A 1985 study by Frankel and Co. and learning Research Services found that, following exposure to adverts featuring promotions for a brand, consumers aspect of the brand( issues like quality, value and caring about customers ) improved by over 8 percentage compared to those exposed to only brand sell adverts.In other words, it must have the right facilities and services (product) and make them easily accessible to guests (place) with the proper amount of promotion and the right price. (David Abbey, 2003)Japanese food-Korean foodJapanese and Korean foods are popular and are made of similar ingredients. However, the foods have their own taste, recipe and way of eating. Even though Korean food and Japanese food seems to be similar, both of them have their specialties.Japanese food and Korean food seems t o be similar because they use same ingredient. For example, both of them use onions, green onions, red peppers, raw fish, and rice. Koreans and Japanese get it on eating raw shredded fish, which are sushi and sashimi. Sushis ingredients are boiled rice, and raw sliced fish and sashimis ingredient is still as raw sliced fish. In addition, Korean and Japanese rice is the same.However, Korean and Japanese food is not totally same. Koreans tend to make food spicier and saltier than Japanese food. The price of Japanese food is higher than that Korean food. When people eat a meal at a Japanese restaurant, they should pay lots of bills for their meal. For example, the basic foods like rice, sashimi, and some sea food cost thirty-five dollars per person. However, Korean basic foods, rice, main stew, and lots of side dishes cost just ten dollars per person. Japanese fresh seafood has high valuable, so most people prefer going to a Japanese restaurant like Benihana. Nevertheless, it is e xpensive.Every person has his/her own appetite, someone want to eat Japanese food and the other want to eat Korean food. Both foods may seem to be similar, because they are made of almost same ingredients. However, each of them has their own recipe, taste, and style of eating. Even though Japanese food is expensive, people like to eat Japanese food.

Overview of Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Overview of wandering nerve Nerve StimulationThe pneumogastric boldness is one(a) of 12 cranial nitty-grittys that pass information to and from the reason. The tenth cranial administration facial expression is the longest of the cranial substances, with connections to the brain and many of the organs of the body. sporadic electric stimulation of the wandering grimace fondness seems to reduce or limp exaltations.Vagus nerve stimulation involves a surgical occasion to imbed an electrical pulse generator in the chest and attach electrodes to the vagus nerve in the neck. A pulse generator is identical to a pace betrayr. It is nearly the size of a pocket watch and weighs more or less 25 grams (g).How does vagus nerve stimulation work?The pulse generatoris surgically implanted in the chest just under the skin. This generator is programmed to intermittently transmit meek electrical signals via a wire to the vagus nerve in the neck. We do non understand why electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve is effective at preventing seizures. It whitethorn be related to changes in the brain stem and thalamus, or the electrical stimulation may intercept the abnormal brain activity associated with seizures.The generator functions automatically 24 hours a day. An external programing wandand software are employ by the repair, to read and exchange the stimulation strength and frequency. After the generator is first implanted, the usual take awayset settings are 30 seconds of stimulation each 5 minutes. The strength of the electrical signal normally deducts at 0.25 or 0.5 milliamperes (mA) and is then increased every few months by 0.25 mA. The frequency of the stimulation open fire also be adjusted, to come on and off more frequently.Patients are also disposed a attractive force, which acts as a switch for the generator. When a patient senses the ascendent of a seizure, she can pass the magnet over the pulse generator to deliver extra stimulation . For some people, this extra stimulation can barricade a seizure from progressing, shorten a seizure, or reduce the earnestness of the seizure. The magnet can also be used to turn the stimulator off temporarily.The battery life of the generator is about(predicate) six years, after which the artifice can be replaced. This exit contain another surgical bit, similar to the first2.What and who is vagus nerve stimulation best used for?Vagus nerve stimulation has been used to treat partial and generalized seizures in two adults and nestlingren. It is considered in the following depicted objectsAnti-epileptic medication does not control seizures effectively.The electric shaver is not a good candidate for brain surgery, either because of high risk of infection or because he has various epileptogenic (seizure-generating) areas in his brain.The child is large nice to support the implant. This is usually decided by the neurologist and surgeon.Vagus nerve stimulation should not be used in children with certain cardiac, respiratory, or gastrointestinal problems. The vagus nerve serves the heart, lungs, and stomach, and some existing problems in these areas may antedate to complications with vagus nerve stimulation.Vagus nerve stimulation usually reduces seizures but does not often eliminate them completely. Usually it is used unitedly with medication.Use in the Pediatric PopulationA large meeting of patients with dogged epilepsy are younger than 12 years, including children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, and other difficult-to-treat epileptic conditions. Morris and colleagues3recently provided an evidence-based rule of thumb for VNS in children that is based on a review of off-label use.In 13 figure 3 studies involving 470 children with partial or generalized epilepsy, 55% had 50% seizure reduction with VNS. Similarly, in 4 class III studies of 113 children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, 55% had 50% seizure reduction. Mood studies were not available for children. (In 2 class 3 studies of 31 adults with epilepsy, significant improvements in standard mood scales were observed.) Children were 3.4 quantify more likely than adults to develop an infection at the VNS implantation site.What is the procedure?A medical evaluation is necessary to determine if this is a case that may be successfully treated with vagus nerve stimulation.in one case it has been decided that your child may be helped by vagus nerve stimulation, the surgeon, anaesthetist, and others on the medical team will explain the procedure to you in detail. Its important that you understand the procedure, its risks, and your childs future care feel free to learn them any questions you may have. With the help of the discussion team, you should then explain the procedure to your child and help him understand what to expect after the implantation.Your child will need to be admitted into the infirmary to install the finesse. Your child will plausibly need t o be put to sleep under general anaesthetic, and because will need to stop eating eight hours before. The operation can be done with a local anaesthetic, but because it is hard for children to stay still, most require a general anaesthetic.The procedure itself takes about one hour. One cut about 5 cm long is do on the left chest wall to implant the pulse generator. another(prenominal) cut about 5 cm long is made in the neck, through which flexible platinum electrodes are attached to the vagus nerve. Because the vagus nerve also goes to the heart, the generator will be turned on in the operating room so that the surgeon can make sure the device does not interfere with the heart. For the same reason, the electrodes are approximately always placed on the left vagus nerve, which has less precise influence on the heart.Your child may be sent theater on the same day or kept overnight for observation. You and your child will be taught how to care for the incisions before discharge1.Us ing vagus nerve stimulationAfter the pulse generator is implanted, the dilute will start the stimulation, using a wand attached to a laptop computer. The doctor will begin with a low dose of current, put acrossn for 30 seconds every five minutes. The strength and duration of the stimulation will be slowly increased, at subsequent doctor visits, to achieve optimum seizure control. The stimulation is delivered automatically, 24 hours a day.Your child will also be given a special magnet for use with the pulse generator. Children who take in auras (a feeling that signals the onset of a seizure) can use the magnet to give an extra burst of stimulation, which may reduce or eliminate an close at hand(predicate) seizure. You can also use the magnet if you see that your child is about to have a seizure. The magnet can also be used to turn off the pulse generator temporarily and to check its operation. The doctor will make sure that you and your child understand how to use the magnet befo re you leave the hospital.Your child will need to continue winning his medications. The dosage will be kept constant for several months fleck the generators output current is slowly increased. Once the current has been increased to its optimal level, your childs doctor will consider reducing medication and will discourse a new schedule with you.The benefits of VNS seem to increase over time. In one study1After 3 months, the number of seizures reduced by about one-third.After 12 months, the number of seizures fall by about half. And in 2 out of 10 people, the number of seizures decreased by about three-fourths.For people who can sense when they are about to have a seizure, turning on the VNS using their hand-held magnet can sometimes prevent the seizure. It may also shorten a seizure already in progress.Studies show that VNS may also be effective in children. VNS improved independence, mood, and learning in some children3.What to give birth After SurgeryThe generator may be tur ned on the day following the surgery or at the first post-surgical visit. Your child will be reassessed in seven to 10 days for a wound check, and the generator may be turned on or adjusted.Parents will be shown how to use a magnet to control a seizure. Waving the magnet over the generator may stop or shorten a seizure.Children who are implanted with a VNS usually slide by home the same day following their surgery. Sometimes a hospital stay of one night is necessary2.Regular observeRegular monitoring is required to check the generator and battery and to make sure the sermon is working well and is not uncomfortable. The battery life of the generator is about six years, after which the device may be replaced. This will require another surgical procedure, similar to the firstRisksThe vagus nerve stimulator is considered safe. nuts side effects occur in some people when the device stimulates the nerve. The most common side effects includeCoughing.Throat pain. abruptness or slight vo ice changes.Shortness of breath.In children, vagus nerve stimulation may cause increased hyperactivity2.ConclusionFor more than 15 years, VNS has proven a useful adjunct to pharmaceutical therapy in adults and children with intractable epilepsy. In an evidence-based guideline, Morris and colleaguesconcluded that VNS may be considered for treatment of seizures in children with epilepsy, including those with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (level C). Improvements in mood, as well as a sense of control over seizures provided by the magnet, may be added benefits. Adverse events, such as postimplant infection and lead fracture, may occur more often in children than in adults1.As with many pediatric therapies, VNS is not FDA-approved for children. Nonetheless, VNS represents a potentially effective and nonsedating treatment option and should be considered for children with intractable epilepsy.ReferancesAndrew N,Vagus nerve stimulation for childrenMedscape neurology,November 2013.http//www.medsc ape.com/viewarticle/813917_3Buchhalter JR, Jarrar RG (2003). Therapeutics in pediatric epilepsy, part 2 Epilepsy surgery and vagus nerve stimulation.Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 78(3) 371378Schachter SC (2002). Vagus nerve stimulation therapy summary Five years after FDA approval.Neurology, 59(6, Suppl 4) S15S20.

Organizational Structure The Formation Of An Organization

system of rulesal coordinate The Formation Of An OrganizationOrganizational bodily grammatical construction is precise oftentimes initial and essential stride in the physical composition of an system. When individuals argon well aware about building like de triggerments, regime and responsibilities divergence they stool very efficiently and in good manner. many an(prenominal) schools of thought define organisational social building. The researcher install (dictionary.com 2010) unique rendering of governing bodyal bodily grammatical construction that it is a form of an organic law that is apparent in the way functions, departments, divisions and people link together and interact. Organization body structure whitethorn be represented by an government chart, it reveals vertical operational responsibilities, and flat linkages. Organizational structure whitethorn be much complex callable to its size and its geographic dispersalThe Researcher cognize that syst em of rules structure consists on departments, functions and divisions which based on individuals workers at their selected positions. They are all link up together and they are all responsibility at their own running(a) capacity and works in their span of working as a creative part of organization. And intricacy in organisational structure depends upon its capacity, its occupancy worth, its geographical location, its choice of concern and many other conditions which effect internally or externally on the organization. As the alike statement (George Jones, 2005) withal defines organisational structure as it is the descent between the focussing aggroup and the workforce for performing formal task and reporting. coordinate of organization externalizeed by the commission team and the basic inspiration is the motivation of employees to work hard with best coordination for doing desired workGeorge and Jones explained the organisational structure as relationship of instruct ion team and the individual work force which plays their contri exclusivelyion at their best. Management also motivates the senior and junior support provide on their efforts and the main task is coordination for best results in favor of organization. Coordination depends on best talk zeal exercised within the organization and (Hall 1987) also defines organizational structure as chat flows, interaction of individuals and best use of big airman relationship for all the activities of organization. In the light of above views the organizational structure is complex design of individuals at several(predicate) positions, varied departments and divisions, with appropriate coordination and communication between employees for best and working in stipulated time period in reasonable cost. At present age the need of organizational structure very much essential, but think about early ages of military man life or during the evolution of society and economy the need of organization an d organizational structure exists, and scholars of this evolutionary group initialized the idea of organizational structure in what sensory faculty. The researcher imbed slightly references about the history of organizational structure and presented here underHistoryOrganizational structure has undercoat from ancient times. Collectors and hunters used to manage tribal organizations. At the next step of novelty of economic history it was ascertained that with clerical potency industrialists developed structures of organizations at that time. Organizational structures feel different fibers as the revolution of economies and described asPre-Bureaucratic StructuresWith the development of economies the concept of entrepreneurial business raised, at this time organizational structures are called pre-bureaucratic structures. Most of the operations directed and controlled by unitary structure and the strategic leader betrays all key decisions. plainly these structures shake up very low standardization of tasks. The researcher realized that around decisions taken by single person all at very minor level. This may be fits for entrepreneur or sole proprietor ship where business scale may be high but working span based on single decision maker. management of Organizational structure totally summarized by Entrepreneur and all the employees followed the operating instructions for doing their job with neglecting the results which may be in favor or equate of business.Due to this reason the level of standardization exists in minor sense in pre-bureaucratic structure. Set pattern, genius of working enhance working force and these were initial frame work of standardization.Bureaucratic Structures(Burns and Stalker 1961) indicates organization structures which have certain degree of standardization. Degree of standardization creates the sense of property victuals for harvest-homes and function. (Chandler 1962, 1977) and williamson (1975, 1985) also comment on the shifting of organizational structure from unitary to multi-divisionary structures for trade positioning and resource allocation among divisions, because many organizations enhances business at multinational prat and style of structure suite to them. The researcher make headway sight about standardization in organizational structure and found the term degree of standardization and its benefit also. Degree may armed service to improve and maintain the quality of product or service. The researcher realized that shifting to flat structure for marketing positioning already apply in organizations. The researcher tried to find the effect of shifting on multi-divisionary structures for enhancement in degree of standardization, due to reducing in instruction execution time or cost..Post-Bureaucratic Structures(Donnellon, Hecscher, 1994) initiates the brook bureaucratic organization theory which may include total quality management, culture management and matrix management. Th e ideas of post bureaucratic structures specifically contrast with the webers ideal symbol bureaucracy. (Grey C, Garsten C) also describes the post bureaucratic organization as such type of organization where decisions are based on dialogue and consensus rather than say-so and command. It is used to encourage participation and help to em queen people who normally experience oppression in groups. near researchers studied that how simple structures could be used to generate improvisational outcomes in product development (Miner et al, 2000).The researcher found the good examples of companies which shifts from unitary structures to typical bureaucracy like shell stem and when the management converted the structure to matrix the company failed in market. Starbuck em big businessmans employees to make their own decisions and train them to develop twain hard and soft skills. Some experts initiates the matrix structure as multinational design (Robbin, judge2007) which maintains coord ination among products, functions and geographic, and the same design meeted by many global companies like Toyota, Procter and gamble and Uniliver. all over the last decade the competition, global trends, customer demands and many other agent set the mind of business person that many companies has become praise in which less hierarchical divisions involved which is necessary for survival of the organization. after(prenominal) that some other approach introduced and today organization structures designed as per business strategy and the new styles developed in the fundamental law of organizational structures. These are available structures, divisional structures, squad, Network and Boundary less Structures.Functional Structure(Miles, nose candy 1992) describes this structure. This style of organizational structure describes the specific activity of business. The organization engaged the employee for specialized set of tasks. In some businesses, when standardized goods and s ervice made at large volume and low cost the running(a) structure will best fit the operations. In operative structures coordination and metier of task are centralized which produce a limited marrow of products or services efficient and predictable. The advantage of this structure is virtually useable for those industries which involved in manufacturing of heavy machinery, Electrical equipment and tools which have standardized practiced specs. Likewise at the other side operating(a) structures are laborsaving for organizations provide specific services to their customers. Most of the service provider companies adopt the same structure for their particular scope of work, specified customers, isolated style of workings and pre-determined targets within stipulated time period.Divisional Structure(Theraja 2008) cerebrate the style in his book. Divisional structure also known as product structure. Each organizational function is grouped into division. Like an industry makes prod ucts of same nature like textile industry which invloves spinning, dying , knittting, Weaving units they consider as individual division as per their activities for apiece unit. Each division within a divisional structure contains all the necessary resources and functions within it. Divisions can be categorized from different insinuates of view. There can be made a distinction on product/service basis (different products for different customers households or companies) or on geograpical basis (like UAE and Asian Division). matrix StructureIn matrix structure induviduals grouped by both function and product. Structure can combine the best operations of structures which followed separately at their areas. Excellent practice followed in a matrix organization, and the management frequently uses teams of employees to accomplish work, in order to take advantage of the strengths, as well as make up for the weaknesses, of functional and decentralized forms. intercellular substance struct ure is amongst the purest of organizational structures, a simple lattice emulating order and regularity demonstrated in nature. As project matrix divided into trinity categories stated in belowWeak / Functional Matrix in this type of structure functional manager manage the resources and asssigned project area. Organization limitize the project manager and he is only trustworthy to oversee the cross- functional aspects of the porject.Balanced / Functional Matrix Such type of structures the best aspects of functional and projectized organizations merged. It is the responsibility of project manager to oversee the project. project manager and the functional managers equally powered from the higher management. In some situations it is consider the most(prenominal) difficult system to maintain as the sharing power is slender proposition.Strong/Project Matrix Project manager is primarily responsible for the project. Functional managers provide technical expertise and assign resources as needed.Team(Theraja 2007) Newest concept of organizational structures os team. If the organization have hierarchical or flat sturctures the management works as team. An organization gathered a set of people who synergize individual competencies to achieve unique dimensions, the quality of organizational structure revolves aropund the comptencies of teams in totality. In banking concept of floor financing emerged and management creates a team which have common interest to shop more than cars through leasing. Team works for maximum car selling through leasing facility to resonsible and rapport individuals .Network(Walker 2007) Managers in interlocking structures spend most of their time coordinating and controlling external relations, usually by electronic means. Many businesses involves in this structures and concerned staff engaging in network to sell more strategy for a porduct and service.Boundary less Structure(Andreson 2007) discuss this type of organizational structure th at it is such type of organizational structures have no boundary of their business links. They have virtual business entity which engaged in 24 hrs business on internet. This means objet dart the core of the organization can be small but unsounded the company can operate globally be a market leader in its niche.Many businessman follow this type of strategy and have good range of products displays through internet and makes more profit to sell these products at different levels and different quantity but same quality and price.Magnificient companies develop, modify and change their organizational structures so that they align with their strategies. For the last decades most of the organization shifting back to praise structures. Being at guess of losing profits or even going bankrupt due to the study financial downturn today, a lot of companies are moving to flatter structures. Losing profit at the basis of cost enhancement and other factors which caused passing in diversed shap es but as per ethics each and every organizational structure has common determinants which observed by organization in formation of organizational structure or shifting from existing structure to another one. These determinants are dicussed as belowDetereminants of oganizational structureIn every organization, management care about all the determinants when creates organizational structure. Main determinants of organizational structure are1. The EnvironmentReseracher found many school of thoughts about determinants of organizational structure like (Burns and Stalker 1961) says that environmental conditions plays prominent role for appropriateness of organizational structure. Further stated by (Lawrence and Lorsh 1967) that performance of such companies much better if their internal capabilities and characteristics matches with environmental requirements. Reseracher realized environment arround the organization or business affected in both sense negative or positive. Some internal e nvironments also conserve the resources and help to use in right manner or some time caused deffciency or decline.2. The surface of the organization(Stephen P. Borgatti, 1996) stated that organization size consists on number of personnel., output, capcacity and resources. withal explained that when the size increased the structures and actitivities also increased but concentration of power decreased. When organziation tends to enhancement its volume as working capacity, extension in services or products they have already made, personnel in shape of do new divisions or resources which are in shape of fund flows the structure direclty proportionate with it and increased with the size of organization but concentration of power may be decreased. Planned organization have best theme for concentration of power, they genuine appointed person at their span of working. The authorized person is competent and skilled to take immediate decision as best choice for organization growth.3. Tec hnologyIn modern scenario the communication technology is very essential for organzational strucutre. Researcher found the view of different authors like (Parsons 1951) says that coordination and communication processes importance increased at each level, either managerial, technical or institutional. It considers very complex issue in organization and in all dynamics of organization environment (Emery and Trist,1960). In some other school of thought technology is one of the internal central factor of organization. In any organization managerial porcesses and technology has relationship and technology determines the way of organizational management.Technology determines the principles, theories and structures of organization (Zareei Matin, 2003, p-155). Resarcher agreed with this statement and observed that communication technology in organization plays prominent role for managerial activities. Further realized that communication technology raised at each level in organizational s tructure with growth of organization.The Organization system(Ferery 2006) said that strategy consists on three dimension which were called dynamics of strategy, these are value, parimeter and imitation. Researcher realized that all of three factors exercised by organizational structure and also realized that best fit between organizational strategy, structure and management process make it a successful organization (Raymond Miles and Charles Snow 1992). The researcher found that strategies and structure has complex relationship in organization and growth of organization possible in the sense that strategy chosen for business as per requirement of organizational structure or sometime(prenominal) there may be remarkable change required in organizational structure as per market demand.During research another point explored by researcher and gathered the infromation about organizational structure affects on culture of organization and discussed below.Effect of organizational structur e on organization cultureReseracher tried to found the effect of strucutre on culture and achieved prompting that in change process of organization culture is an integral part (R.Dension and K. Mishra 1995)Sub headingsCommunity organizing practiceThe Organizers role charge KeysQuality standardsIn an organizational structure monitoring of absolute natural covering of quality standards is very important task and most of the firms exercised it carefully. The researcher observed some standards relevant to the population of study like capital punishment time, implementation cost, motivation, monitoring, communication and systematic approach. The researcher gathered infromation about these quality standards from different sources relevant to the study and discussed in followingFrame work on literature reviewIntroductionHistory/TypesDeterminantseffect on lastOrganizational Structure and StandardizationQuality standardsApplication in current structureISO 9001, 14001Implementation of ISO in current structure

Care for Post Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

C ar for Post Elective coronary thrombosis artery Bypass Graft SurgeryAssessment for the kick of tolerant with respiratory problemfollowing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft 3 vessels disease and Mitral Valve RepairIntroductionThis essay examines a plate study of a male forbearing with a complex account statement who has undergone elective coronary artery get out transpose process, and suffered a return of rec everyplacey complications. Coronary artery disease is a common pathology in the Western population, perhaps collectible to deportmentstyle and dietary operators, including lack of reading and smoking.The part record result be examined in the light of breast feeding c atomic issuing 18 and current theoretical knowledge, looking at the exclusive needfully of the patient and the authority interventions which could be employed to address this patients emergent and ongoing delay. Nursing foreboding at any stage, critical, exquisite or chronic, moldiness be an h olistic process which takes into account exclusively of the social, physiological, psycholological, ablaze and spiritual needs of the person. Given the critical state of this individuals health, however, slightly needs sight be identified as more urgent that others.The case history will demonstrate the predominate needs of this patient as those connected with his respiratory involvement and status, and so while all aspects of the case will be considered, considerable forethought will be paid to his respiratory needs, discussions and potential outcomes. The focus is on c be for care, which must address the emergent clinical picture whilst considering dour term, mid term and short term outcomes in a client-centred context. newsThe patient, who shall be called Mr S to protect confidentiality, was admitted on June 6th for an elective coronary artery circulate graft physical process, plus a Mitral Valve Repair. match to UHC (2007) a coronary artery bypass graft (CAB or CAB G) is a surgical procedure in which a healthy blood vessel is transplanted from another interrupt of the eubstance into the heart to replace or bypass a diseased vessel. In this case, it is the treatment of choice for the patient whose history of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease make him a prime toiletdidate for corrective surgery. Coronary artery disease is delimit as the failure of the coronary arteries to deliver oxygen and fuels for myocardial tempt (Emery and Pearson, 1998). Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of myocardial infarction (Emery and Pearson, 1998).According to STS (2007), mitral valve repair is an open heart procedure which aims to treat stenosis or regurgitation of the mitral valve, which is the inflow valve for the unexpended side of the heart. In normal physiology, blood flows from the lungs, where it picks up oxygen, and into the heart by the mitral valve (STS, 2007). When it opens, the mitral valve allows blood to flow into the l eft ventricle, which thence closes to move on blood from leaking back into the lungs when the ventricle contracts to pump blood into the establishmentic circulation (STS, 2007). In this case, mitral regurgitation has been diagnosed, which is probably consequential to Mr Ss ischemic heart disease (Emery and Pearson, 1998).The patient history includes the following plaza sidelong MI tempered with thrombolysis shortness of breath on exertion treatment with GTN hypertensive disease raised cholesterol smoker (80-100 cigarettes a day, stop smoking in 2000) umbilical hernia repair removal of a benign growth on the thyroid gland left articulatio talocruralis oedema distal varicosities to the left extremity. Mr S is allergic to penicillin, over metric weight unit at 115kg and has been treated for the health consequences of his lifestyle for some term.Mr S underwent the procedure as planned, with the standard postoperative care. On return to the ward from theatre he was initially on s ynchronized intermittent mandatory external respiration, which is a system that was true as a method of partial ventilatory persist to facilitate liberation from mechanical ventilation (CCM, 2007). In this system, a charter valve is located within the system through which patients can take instinctive breaths, without having to breathe through the ventilator apparatus, allowing the patient to breathe spontaneously while also receiving mandatory breaths (CCM, 2007). As the patients respiratory function remedys, the number of mandatory breaths is decreased, until the patient is breathing unassisted on ceaseless positive airways pres indisputable (CCM, 2007). Non incursive forms of ventilatory arrest have been launch to be associated with improved patient outcomes (Peter et al, 2002), in a range of knowing respiratory conditions including acute respiratory failure.Mr S was extubated later on ten hours, fit(p) on high flow oxugen via face mask at 50%, but PA02 was only 7 w ith quiet lung bases on auscultation, leading to the induction of WCPAP, with a PEEP of 7.5. He was coughing but not expectorating, and developed a number of other postoperative complications which are listed below.His CVP was on 24mmhg and unchanging within that range. birth Pressure went down to 80/50 mmHg, treated with gelofusion with no response.noradrenaline was started 07mic/kg/minFrusemide 20mg /hr with good strength on the second day urine outputtailed off to 60-70ml/hr so the frusemide was increase in 40mg/hr with good effect. Urine output increased to a ratoe of 120-150mls/hr.Mr S has has 3 chest poop outs mediastinal, pleural and pericardial .Mr S is ventricularly paced at around 90 beats, with an underlying bradycardia of 44 beats /min.Blood results urea was 4.4 on the first day, 8.3 day two post-op creatinene was initially 102, then 164, and on the third day it was 280.Noradrenaline was used, followed by some try out to wean MR S of this level of protrude, but the MAP was not shelter and could not be kept at 70, and so noradrenaline recommenced.Plans for oust were postponed due to the WCPAP, the renal complications and the blood pressure issues.Mr S was had an Epidural with arena levopuvicaine at 5mls per hourincreased to 8 mls because of chafe on movement in entree to this he had a PCA (which was beingness used minimally), and regular Cocodamol.As can be seen, Mr Ss condition is quite serious with a range of complications from the surgery related to his postoperative recovery. Given than cardiac surgery has been performed and there are issues with entertaining blood pressure and cardiac rhythm, the two come out to be connected. Low cardiac output due to arrythmias are of some concern, and so all observations should be closely monitored. The world of concern for this essay, however, is the area of the respiratory complications, but brief mention will be made of the nursing considerations of the other aspects of his conditionNursing care focusing on his anguish relief should include regular pain prudence, assessment of pain scores and sedation levels, and hourly pump checks on the epidural infusion and the PCA. These should be documented contemporaneously and comprehensively, and this information should be used for ongoing care planning, evaluation and communication with colleagues.Monitoring of intravenous infusions should include checking the IV site and cannula for patency or any signs of inflammation, checking that all the infusion lines are connected, and the pumps are set at the correct rate. Fluid isotropy should be record on the get chart at the appropriate hourly intervals. The colour and consistency of the urine should also be noted. Fluid management is important in respiratory disease because excess fluid usance is prone to leak through the capillary membranes into the lung tissues (Peters, 1998). Vital observations should be recorded as specified by the medical and cardiothoracic aggroups. P ressure area care should be carried out, nutritional status should be monitored, and responses to medications noted. All medications should be administered as charted.Further to this, the chest drains must be observed, initiation sites assessed for signs of infection, and temperature monitored for signs of systemic responses to infection. The drain contents must be included in the fluid balance measurements, and must also be reported to the doctors, and observed for signs of haemorrhage. The drains must be kept off the floor but below the level of insertion of the tubing, to prevent the contents tracking back up towards the body, which would increase the insecurity of infection. For this reason, if Mr S is moved at any time or repositioned, or during procedures such as bedmaking and attending to hygiene needs, the tubing of all triplet drains should be clamped for the eon of the activity and then unclamped again subsequentlywards.In access to this, Mr S appears to need conside rable respiratory support. The literature shows that satisfactory oxygenation can generally be achieved in most patients by the use of invariable positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) using a unbroken positive airway pressure (CPAP) mask with a PEEP valve of 5-10 cm of water. However, it has become apparent that Mr S cannot be safely weaned from this as yet. One option to consider would be NPPV, which is a treatment which has evolved from CPAP (Peters, 1998). It has been entrap to be very effective in providing ventilatory support for patients with respiratory disorders, featurely long term and in the home setting (Peters, 1998). This force be one option which could support Mr S in being dis charge upd from the intensive care facility.Positioning and physical support to maintain this are also important (Peters, 1998). therefore, Mr S should be nanny-goatd upright piano or semi-upright, well supported by pillows, but giving due consideration to pressure area care. Thorens et al (1995) bring up that the quality of nursing seems to be a measurable and importantfactor in the weaning from mechanical ventilation of patients with chronic obstructive pneumonic disease. While Mr Ss condition is not COPD, many aspects of his symptoms and, obviously, the environment in which he is being nursed, are similar to those described in this study by Thorens et al (1995). They suggest that below a threshold in the available workforce of intensive care unit nurses, the weaning duration of patients from ventilation and other forms of mechanical ventilatory support increases dramatically (Thorens et al, 1995). Therefore, very close attention should be given to the commandment and number of ICU nurses (THorens et al, 1995), which in this instance could be viewed from a managerial point of view, in ensuring that the appropriately skilled and experienced nurses are those allocated to the care of Mr S, and that his case should be seen as a priority.Addressing Mr Ss emotional and psychological needs are also important. While it is an extremely invasive and potentially life threatening procedure, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and mitral valve repair surgery are associated with positive patient outcomes(Moshkovitz et al, 1993). This was also an elective rather than an emergency procedure. This whitethorn mean that Mr S was not necessarily expecting such a problematic recovery check and so will need support adjusting to this. The same could be express for his family and carers, who would perhaps be somewhat shocked to find him still in a relatively serious condition. The support mechanisms available to him should be assessed, and it should be factored into the nursing care plan that time (often the most precious choice available to nurses) is allocated to him to ensure that he has amply opportunity to communicate with the lag. conference difficulties may be associated with his condition, state of mind, level of consciousness and the use of CPAP , and these must be taken into consideration.Wong et al (1999) discuss risk factors of delayed extubation and extensive intensive care unit length of stay, which suggest that such occurrences are associated with higher levels of morbidity and longer periods of recovery. Whether this is due to the nature of the underlying condition, or the nature of the environment (or both), cannot be determined. However, it would appear that it is in Mr Ss best interests to be facilitated towards a level of wellness along the illness-wellness spectrum that is satisfactory to warrant his discharge from the intensive care unit. It might be appropriate to consider different medication regimes, or to allow the physiological systems of his body more time to adjust to his postoperative find state.Another potential action might be to remove the epidural and encourage Mr S to use the PCA more appropriately, to support his pain control as a self-managed phenomenon, and to encourage a move towards increas ed independence, mobility and generally improved health. There is a degree of motor block evident from the epidural. Epidurals are also associated with low blood pressure, so this might be a factor in Mr Ss condition. The epidural would need to be remote under aseptic technique, and a small dressing placed over the site. The tip of the epidural catheter must be checked to make sure it is complete, and this noted in the patients records. Close monitoring of the patients blood pressure following this might allow the nurse to assess whether this has had a positive effect on Mr Ss blood pressure.Similarly, if Mr S is more mobile and able to move a little more independently, this might increase cardiac output and improve blood pressure. He is at considerable risk of post-operative thrombosis, in particular deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary intercalation, and so mobilisation will be a key factor in his recovery and in preventing these complications. Hannan et al (2003) found that post-o perative recovery from coronary artery bypass graft surgery can be adversely effected if the patient suffers from 6 or more comorbidities. Given his medical history, it is unsurprising that Mr S finds himself not recovering as quickly as potentially possible, and so it is important to maximise all opportunities to promote recovery and health. The use of low molecular weight heparin as a prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is common in post-operative care, and is likely to be used here. However, there is a serious consequence of anti-coagulant therapy, which is the increased risk of haemorrhage, and so this again will need to be monitored for very carefully.Stanley et al (2002) suggest that neurocognitive decline is a continuing source of morbidity after cardiac surgery. This may be associated with cardiac arrythmias (Stanley et al, 2002). Mr Ss underlying bradycardia may then be a contributory factor in his long-term vista and this is wherefore such intensive cardio-pulmonary support is warranted. Neurocognitive dysfunction is common after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (Stanley et a, 2002), and so assessments of this should form part of the ongoing care and monitoring of his condition. The pacemaker will also be monitored for functionality, and heart rhythm observed. Any changes will be assessed by the cardiothoracic police squad and any improvements towards normal rhythm noted.It is also important for nurses to consider multidisciplinary team input as a part of interprofessional working and client-centred care. For example, some enquiry has demonstrated that a multidisciplinary approach to weaning from mechanical ventilation has been associated with greatly improved outcomes in the short and long term (Smyrnios et al, 2002). Mr S, given his condition, would be a prime candidate for pulmonary physiotherapy, which has been argued by some to be useful in the recovery process. Given the respiratory assessment findings, thi s may be used. However, the usefulness of respiratory physiotherapy for the prevention of pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery remains unproved(Pasquina et al, 2003). Therefore it would need to be a collaborative decision in conjunction with the consultant in charge of Mr Ss case.ConclusionThis examination of Mr Ss case and history has demonstrated that he is suffering from a number of post operative complications associated with his surgical status, his past medical history and the range of comorbidities he is suffering. The diagnosis of his current condition must remain the area of certificate of indebtedness of the doctors who are in chargeof his case. However, nursing interventions are a vital chemical element of his care and potential for recovery. While doctors may diagnose and prescribe, it is the nursing staff who assess, monitor, administer therapies, and engage in the majority of prophylactic activities to support optimum return to wellness.This essay has also co nsidered the need for an holistic approach to Mr S, wake him as a person in the context of his own life rather than simply a set of conditions which much be treated and hopefully, resolved. However, the nature of his condition is serious, and until the cardiac and respiratory function issues are resolved, there is very little that can be done other than to support him and his body systems to quell to function, whilst engaging in nursing activities aimed at minimising promote complications from his continued dependent and unwell state. There are a number of actions that can be taken, including pressure area care, fluid management, engagement with the multidisciplinary team, and pain management, all of which can contribute to supportive a positive prognosis for Mr S. However, he continues to require intensive nursing care until such time as he is able to be weaned off the CPAP and the noradrenaline which is helping to maintain the blood pressure. Until that time, all his needs will continue to be met by 24 hour intensive nursing care.ReferencesCCM (2007) http//www.ccmtutorials.com/rs/mv/page7.htmEmery, C. and Pearson, S. (1998) Managing coronary artery disease. In Shuldham, C. (1998) Cardiorespiratory Nursing Cheltenham Stanley Thornes.Hannan, E.L., Racz, M.J., Walford, G. et al (2003) Predictors of Readmission for Complications of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery JAMA. 290 773-780.Moschovitz, Y., Lusky, A. and Mohr, R. (1995) Coronary artery bypass without cardiopulmonary bypass analysis of short-term and mid-term outcome in 220 patients. thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 110979-987.Pasquina, P., Tramer, M.R. and Walder, B. (2003) Prophylactic respiratory physiotherapy after cardiac surgery systematic review British Medical diary 3271379Peter, J.V., Moran, J.L., Phillips-Hughes, J. and Warn, D. (2002) Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure- A meta-analysis update. life-sustaining Care Medicine. 30(3) 555-562.Peters R. (1998) Respiratory failure Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome In Shuldham, C. (1998) Cardiorespiratory Nursing Cheltenham Stanley Thornes.Shuldham, C. (1998) Cardiorespiratory Nursing Cheltenham Stanley Thornes.Smyrnios, N.A., Connolly, A., Wilson, M.M. et al (2002) Effects of a multifaceted, multidisciplinary, hospital-wide quality improvement program on weaning from mechanical ventilation. scathing Care Medicine. 30(6) 1224-1230.Stanley, T.O., Mackensen, G.B., Brocott, H.P. et al (2002) The Impact of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation on Neurocognitive import After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. anesthesia and Analgesia 94 290-295.STS (2007) http//www.sts.org/doc/410 Accessed 28-6-07Thorens, J.B., Kaelin, R.M., Rainer, M. et al (1995) Influence of the quality of nursing on the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Critical Care Medicine. 23(11) 1807-1815.UHC (2007) http//healthcare.utah.edu/healthinfo/adult/cardiac/glossary. htm Accessed 28-6-07Wong, D.T., Davy, C., Kustra, R. et al (1999) Risk Factors of detain Extubation, Prolonged Length of Stay in the Intensive Care Unit, and fatality rate in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft with Fast-track Cardiac Anesthesia A New Cardiac Risk Score. Anesthesiology. 91(4) 936.Woods, S.L, Froelicher, E.S.S. and Motzer, S.U. (2000) Cardiac Nursing Philadelphia Lippincott.

Knowledge in Name of the Rose Essay -- English Literature Essays

Knowl raciness in soma of the RoseKnowledge was ane of the most powerful tools of the middle ages. It was highly valued by galore(postnominal) kings and members of nobility, but the greatest procurer of intimacy through the middle ages was doubtlessly the church service. Their motive for the capturing of wisdom was not for their own enrichment, but predominantly self-preservation. If the planetary public were to get hold of such a wealth of philosophical and scientific works that were withheld in the monastic libraries then they would almost sure as shooting begin to formulate their own religious ideas, thitherfore releasing the social stranglehold the church held so tightly at that time. To survive the church had to keep the intimacy from the masses, and this is virtuallything that Umberto Eco has incorporated with finesse into his novel The Name of the Rose. Intertextuality, postmodernism, allusions and an army of interesting characters help to explain the state of educ ation and the availability of intimacy in the middle ages. The labyrinth is one of the most important aspects to the enactment of knowledge in The Name of the Rose. Its design and purpose are a brilliant metaphor to the churches desire to keep knowledge from the poor and powerless. The degree of the labyrinth goes right back to a Greek myth, which tells of a wildcat with the head of a bovine and the body of a man, who was conceived of a muliebrity and a snow white bull. It was confined to a labyrinth from which there was no escape without assistance. The concept that Eco uses in The Name of the Rose is in truth similar, except instead of guarding the Minotaur, Ecos labyrinth guards books, the knowledge that could be the destruction of the churchs vice-like grip upon society. The minotaur wanted septette youngish maidens and seven youths per course of study to quench its appetite, and one year the Greek hero Theseus became sick of the killing and offered himself as a pass to the bull, with the intention of killing it. He went in with a ball of train and a sword, the ball of string he used to trace his course back to the start when he had killed the Minotaur. There are distinct parallels amongst William, and the hero Theseus. William entered the library with the intention of getting at the contents that it was defend from society, which of course were the books, just as Theseus entered the Minotaurs labyrinth to rescue the young men and w... ...uld lead one to believe that Jorge is simply following the billet of the church. This being that works which use methods to make their concepts especially easy to date are very dangerous, and therefore they above all others should be prevented from circulation into society.Umberto Eco has make the theme of knowledge a central subject inside The Name of the Rose, and the literary techniques he uses as well as his highly heterogeneous characters are highly successful in conveying the way knowledge was treat ed in the era of great power that the catholic church held. The use of Sherlock Holmes in an intertextual sense and the consequent post-modern aspects of his amalgamation within the story are especially clever methods which serve to provide a very interesting tangent to the novel. The Name Of The Rose can be taken both on surface value as a typical crime story and from underneath as a howling(prenominal) political piece that embodies the attitudes of the time whilst still maintaining its ironic edge as a Sherlock Holmes murder thriller set in the azoic 1300s, 500 years before Doyles work, and written in the 1980s, some 100 years later than the Holmes mysteries were first published.

Antigones Fate Essay -- Character Analysis Sophocles

Sophocles play titled Antigone, embellishes the opposing conflicts between Antigone who stands for the determine of family, and Creon who stands for the cling tos of state. Sophocles explores the depths of Antigones morality and the duty based on bit throughout the play, as well as the practical consequences of Creon who is passionate and close-minded. Although Antigones moral decisions appear to be more logical and favorable than Creons, a personal argument would be that both characters decisions in society puke be equally justified.In the play, Sophocles examines the nature of Antigone and Creon who have two contrasting views about life, and use those views a suckst one another. Antigone who is depicted as the hero represents the value of family. According to Richard Braun, translator of Sophocles Antigone, Antigones public heroism is domestically cause never does Antigone give a political explanation of her deed on the contrary, from the start Antigone assumes it is her here(predicate)ditary duty to bury Polynices, and it is from inherited courage that Antigone expects to gain the strength required for the task (8). Essentially, it is Antigones strong perception of family determine that drive the instinct to disobey Creons orders and to allowingly challenge the offices authority to dictate her role in society. In addition, Antigone is a strong believer in the master laws of the gods and that by following those laws the gods will give Antigone an honorable place in the afterlife. In a reiterate by Antigone to Ismene, I will bury him myself. And even if I intermit in the act, that death will be a gloryI have longer to please the dead than please the living here (Sophocles, 1468). It is this unyielding belief that pushe... ...es of family becomes disobedient against state laws posed by Creon, the office of Thebes, acknowledging that the deeds are moral and are seen by the gods as honorable. In the case for Creon, the character believed i n the laws made by mortals, not the divine gods. Although Creon was the champion of upholding the state law, the tragic ending that occurred left Creon without anything else but the fountain of the throne. Works CitedBraun Emil Richard. Introduction. Sophocles Antigone. 7th ed. New York Oxford UP,1974. 8. Print.Peters, Julia. A Theory Of tragic Experience According To Hegel. European Journal Of Philosophy 19.1 (2011) 85-106. Academic seem Premier. Web. 9 May 2012.Sophocles. Antigone. The Bedford Introduction to Literature Reading, Thinking,Writing. 9th ed. Boston, MA Bedford / St. Martins, 2011. 1279-280. Print.

New York Better Protected From Influenza Epidemic :: Journalism History Media Essays

vernal York Better Protected From Influenza pestilentialNEW YORK--These past few warring classs have remaining the nations of the world in various stages of devastation and destruction, and the world population has been decimated by battles and disease. Here, in New York, we definitely see the outcomes of the war on the miserliness and industry, and unfortunately, the citizens of New York are also non safe from the deadly Spanish flu epidemic that has been sweeping the earthly concern. thus far though the New York times reported on August 15, 1918, that t here(predicate) is no quarantine here against flu, that was an overly optimistic report. Now the Great War is coming to an can and the Allies are getting closer and closer to victory against the Germans. Even though war casualties hit many Europeans countries hard, something else is spreading around the globe that is leaving behind a much greater trail of casualties. The flu of the season is a much stronger strain than the one that usually feels ilk a common cold, and it shows a strange pattern of morbidity. Usually influenza kills infected people who are elderly or young children. The influenza strain of 1918, however, is making victims of people between 20 and 40 years old. As The New York Times reported early in the year German troops fell sick with influenza. This Spanish influenza that stirred the troops is called so because it originally affected millions in Spain. Many articles in The New York Times discussed the possibility of the influenza spreading to American and assort troops through contact with other troops through No Mans Land, but hopes were high that the Americans would not be affected because they were strong and not undernourished. These proved to be false hopes, and now Americans, British and French alike are affected by the Spanish influenza. Here at house in New York, in September of 1918, the Health Commissioner of New York city announced that there was no dan ger of an epidemic in New York City and people should not worry. Only a few geezerhood later in October 1918, more than 800 New Yorkers died in a sensation day. The Spanish influenza first reached epidemic proportions in Boston rather this year and then it affected our great New York. What is truly stir about this horrible epidemic is that people are dying in truth quickly from the flu.

Teaching Philosophy Statement :: Philosophy of Teaching Teachers Education Essays

Teaching Philosophy StatementIt is a constant truth that engine room is growing rapidly and it is opening up many opportunities for students as sound as teachers. Through the social occasion of the internet information that would take scholars months to start out and interpret can be found in less(prenominal) than a minute though a Google search and not provided is the information their, but in many cases the information that you wanted is shown in bolded so it can even be found quicker. Through technology even rural schools who cannot afford to pay for magazine publisher subscriptions can deprave into online periodical programs like Proquest or Infotrack. This opens up articles written from hundreds of magazines and over several(prenominal) years. All of this information that allows for thousands of facts that students can pull and rewrite but they wild something in this method. Patents and the ability to pull the facts for themselves. In many cases when online magazines or sites atomic number 18 used students see only if and abridged copy of the original text edition they do not get to decide what is important or squander to take the time to read through the book or magazine to see the authors intent. If you type in gun take hold online you will be bombarded by thousands of items including the Second Amendment. Yet instead of recital the complete bill of overcompensates they would only see the Second Amendment. Which is fine in many cases but isnt better for the students at least skim the entire constitution. If nothing else to scan the Preamble or the 1st Amendments right of the freedom of the speech. If students scan the entire constitution then not only will they find the information they are looking for, but perhaps their eyes will be caught by something that interest them, allowing them to think for themselves and convey questions that will provoke thought and hopefully continue to seek friendship on. But how can this be accomplishe d? Through the use of the Teacher-Centered Philosophies Essentialism and Perennialists to variant off of and Problem based learning Teacher can use Scaffolding to ask the questions that make children want to search for answers that make since to them in a organized and educational fashion. Like many things in societal Science the same information can be seen by cardinal people and get completely different answers. During the Civil War doubting Thomas Jackson received the Nickname Stonewall.

Lawmakers Should Pass the DREAM Act Essay -- Essays on the DREAM Act

cogitate a world with an educated youth. Now imagine a jibe world where children are fighting to keep a smile on their faces, because, in truth, it is the only thing they energise. In reality, this is what is happening. Youth, who have the privilege to be the Statesn citizens, are granted a truly fulfilling education with a promise of a career. Children of il juristic and undocumented immigrants do not have such luck. nigh undocumented children in the States have very promising futures and even a degree under their belts, but they cannot kick in for a job because they have no proof of citizenship. A dis doed topic is the matter of the hallucination Act (Development, Relief, and Education, for Alien Minors) which permits undocumented immigrants to earn citizenship and later get a job. Is this topic really a truth or a lifestyle? Should we really be arguing on the matter of life or death? When the Dream Act is put into play, its positive effects are more numerous than the neg ative ones. With this act, undocumented children are given an education and a future. What is better than an educated America? With education, America can be even more dominant. Everyone, despite their legal classification, deserves to have the option of success. On the matter of money, tax geters would not have to pay $16.2 billion annually on behalf of deportation fees. With these children growing to be citizens, they get out have to pay taxes which will also help the growing deficit. America was born on the morale that all people deserve a safe asylum and freedom. There are, however, some negatives to this act as well. Some voters speculate that instituting this bill will create a large scurf chain migration. They feel that this act is only a magnet for the famil... ...Multiculturalism infixed Primary Sources. Ed. K. Lee Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth Lerner, and Adrienne Wilmoth Lerner. Detroit Gale, 2006. 353-355. debate Viewpoints in Context. Web. 11 Apr. 2014Malkin, Michelle. La wmakers Should Reject the DREAM Act. The Children of Undocumented Immigrants. Ed. David Haugen and Susan Musser. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2013. At Issue. Rpt. from Harry Reids Illegal Alien Student Bailout. Michelle Malkin.com. 2010. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 11 Apr. 2014.Valbrun, Marjorie. Children of Illegal Immigrants Struggle When Parents Are Deported. The Children of Undocumented Immigrants. Ed. David Haugen and Susan Musser. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2013. At Issue. Rpt. from Foster Care, Uncertain Futures Loom for Thousands of Immigrant Children. Americas Wire. 2012. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 11 Apr. 2014.

VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA Essay -- essays research papers

military unit in the Media force has been a part of society ever since the age of the caves men, but only recently has television lifted its ban on the graphic depiction of hysteria. American children and adolescents are being exposed to change magnitude amounts of media violence, especially in television, movies, video games, and youth-oriented music. Video game violence, childrens cartoons, and music lyrics submit become increasingly graphic. In movies, action films depict vivid critical murders, rapes, and assaults with each sequel, the number of deaths increases dramatically. Although media violence is not the only cause of violence in American society, it is the single most easily remediable contribute factor. It is these social networks that present the linkages between individuals socialization and their actions. Violence in the media can be seen through a sociological perspective, which is the heathenish transmission theory. It states that deviance is transmitted thr ough socialization. Since the media is a major performer in socialization deviance could therefore be a egress of the violence on todays screen.Media is extremely important as an agent in adolescent socialization because it is this stage that prepares adolescents for roles they will pass water as adults. It can also be detrimental in preliminary stages because a 6-month-old infant spends an hour and a half in attend of the TV per day. Violence plays an enormous role in influencing peoples c...

Irony of Situations and Satire in Chaim Potoks Promise :: Chaim Potok Promise Essays

Promise is a poem about the era and bed put into one go up.  The rose then blossoms, and blooms, and grows more and more pulchritudinous.  solely before the rose reaches its peak of beauty, it was picked.  The conflict is that the rose wasnt seen at its nearly beautiful stage by the one who nurtured it.  This rose can represent any one sacred thing to ones heart.  The author of this poem, Paul Lawrence Dunbar uses sarcasm of situations and satire in this particular poem.  The red rose that was picked by the discourteous minor portrays the feelings of parents losing their offspring before complete maturity.   In this poem, the rose symbolizes a babe as it grows and develops.  When a child is nurtured and smiled upon, it only promises a beautiful masterpiece at the end, equitable as a rose prays such loving care (2).  As time then passes, a child slowly reveals characteristics of individualism.  The rose it too shines its true hint of pretext with time (6).  However, this beauty only comes when one works very hard to happen upon it.  Furthermore, as a child depends on its parents for basic needs to be met, the rose then too depends on its keeper to supplement where aim nature deprives.  Parents take great pride in notice their raw mature into adults.  The keeper of the rose also took pride in watching the rose blossom (10-11).  The rose resembles a child and both(prenominal) require much more than loving care (2).  These statements reveal that both the child and the rose require allot of attention, grooming, and nurturing.  In other words both are like investments and are not just thrown away.   The color red in the rose symbolizes the hold between the keeper and the rose as it grows more intense.  Within the poem, the red rose  continues to grow brightly red.  The stages of red portrays the growth in the child.  The author never says that the rose is j ust red.  Instead, he uses more intense language.  For example, the rose starts getting a colourize in its blood (6).  This statement says that the rose is beginning to turn a shade of red.  This red resembles the bond of a child and its parents.  Within time, this bond does then grow stronger.  The rose then is referred to as a ruddy flame (9).  This color of red is even more intense than before.

GlenGarry Glen Ross :: essays research papers

Psychology Glen Gary Glen Ross I thought was interesting. There were many contrastive kinds of characters in this film. The salesmen in this movie atomic number 18 all after the corresponding goal money and power. There is a constant competition among the salesmen to see who can close more deals to earn the top leads. The Glen Gary leads are the best leads and they become the symbol in this movie. They symbolize the greed that is in each one of these salesmens eyes. In the movie there are bosses and managers standing in the way of the men achieving their goals. The head boss vie by Alec Baldwin has the most power in the company because he is the owner of the company. He is a cocky man who shows off his power.In the front scene of the movie, Alec Baldwins character is in the office with the three otherwise salesmen. Alec being that he is the boss is talking down to the employees and treating them like garbage. Alec negotiation to them this way because money and power has take n over his body. He has no idea what employee moral means. He gets a kick out of treating passel like this. When the employees respond to him he makes a smart remark and yells at them. He acts this way because he knows that they go away follow anything he says because he is the boss. When Jack Lemons character questions him about something Alec tells him off because Alec does not want to hear any complaints. Alec just wants the job done and if they cannot do the job he will find people that can. Alec is screaming at them to try to get them to comply with his orders and if they do not he will fire them because he does not need employees slowing him down.